How To Use Et Al In Legal Citation

It is commonly used when you do not want to name all persons or things in a list.

How to use et al in legal citation. 189 states or mitchell et al 2017 p 189 no author. This is done by stating where the reference information can be found and such references or citations can add a significant amount of extra material to the document. Articles with three four or five authors include all names in the first in text citation but are abbreviated to the first author name plus et al. And others male ou et aliae female and other neutral and other. If not use the title in italics.

We acknowledge people s ideas and findings by providing citations. Predictive value of dobutamine echocardiography just before noncardiac vascular surgery. After the first author. Mitchell et al 2017 p. Purposes of legal citation.

Authors cite only first listed author and include et al after the first author s full name. As such the first citation should spell out all their names and any subsequent citation can include et al. Note that this rule has changed from apa 6 guidelines on using et al which recommend listing all author names in the first citation up to five authors but then using et al for the second and subsequent citations. The names of the parties and the v are italicized. Used in legal writing it is common to provide references to rules laws codes and other writings.

In this case the first author s surname should be stated followed by et al. Am j cardiol 1993 73 602 7. Who sets citation norms. Davis administrative law treatise 6 18 at 419 1958. For all in text citations.

V is an abbreviation for versus and is pronounced and in civil cases and against in criminal cases. On the subsequent citations for three four or five authors. In general one uses only the last name of the first mentioned party on each side. And articles with six or more authors are abbreviated to the first author name plus et al. Specifically articles with one or two authors include all names in every in text citation.